What is the baptism date for Petronila’s grandson Joseph who she was also a madrina for?

I think that our Petronila likely comes from the household of Hernando Martel and Beatriz Macias Valades Retamosa Villegas. The origin of the padrinos and testigos of her children, Petronila’s peculiar use of surnames, and the intermarriage of some of her children all seem hover around this couple.

Identifying Padrinos and Testigos:

I believe I have all of the Gonzalez and Macias Padrinos and Testigos of our Petronila’s children identified accept for Joseph Macias Valadez.

I think that Beatriz Gonzalez (padrina to Juan Lozano) and Phelipe Gonzalez (testigo to Juan Antonio Lozano) are siblings. Only I think they are both the children of Juan Gonzalez and Francisca del Castillo, not Luis Gonzalez and Catalina de Quiroga, but they are still both grandchildren of Luis Gonzalez and Beatriz Gallegos.

I think Miguel Martel (testigo of Manuel Lozano) is the same as stated earlier by Chris.

I think that Pedro Macias Valadez (testigo to Eugenio Lozano and Juana Lozano) is the same Pedro Macias Valadez (husband to both Francisca Ruiz de Quiroga/de Espitia and Luisa de Esparza). I think that Antonio Macias Valadez (testigo to Joseph Lozano) is the same Antonio Macias Valadez (husband of Francisca Martinez de Zuniga y Mozos). In this way, Pedro and Antonio are brothers and are both the children of Pedro Macias Valadez and Josefa Gutierrez. I think that Pedro Macias Valadez (husband of Josefa Gutierrez) is the same Pedro baptized 5 June 1625 in Aguascalientes who was the child of Pedro Macias Valadez and Luisa de Villegas. This would make Pedro Macias Valadez (husband of Josefa Gutierrez) a brother of Beatriz Macias Valadez Retamosa Villegas (wife of Hernando Martel).

Origins of Padrinos and Testigos reviewed:

Looking back at the identifiable padrinos and testigos of our Petronila’s children, they all seem to be relatives of Hernando Martel (son of Luis Gonzalez and Beatriz Gallegos) and Beatriz Macias Valades Retamosa Villegas (daughter of Pedro Macias Valades and Luisa Villegas). Beatriz and Felipe Gonzalez are both children of Juan Gonzalez and Francisca del Castillo, and both grandchildren of Luis Gonzalez and Beatriz Gallegos. Pedro and Antonio Macias Valades are both children of Pedro Macias Valades and Josefa Gutierrez, and both probably grandchildren of Pedro Macias Valades and Luisa de Villegas. Miguel Martel is the son of Hernando Martel and Beatriz Macias Valades Retamosa Villegas, and thus a grandchild to both sets of grandparents.

Miguel Martel’s brother Francisco had a daughter named Petronila. Considering the scarcity of this name on either side of these families, I would guess that she was probably named after our Petronila, potentially her aunt – or half aunt, or adopted aunt – I will elaborate on this below.

The peculiar use of surnames/ the unexplained Gardea:

Our Petronila being the daughter of Hernando Martel and Beatriz Macias Valades Retamosa Villegas would explain the Retamosa, Macias, and Gonzalez of her surnames, but not her use of Gardea.

Perhaps Luis Gonzalez (husband of Beatriz Gallegos) was a son of Martin Perez de Gardea and Mariana Gonzalez de Ruvalcaba. It does fit the timeline. Also, keep in mind that Luis Gonzalez did have a daughter Mariana Gonzalez potentially named after her paternal grandmother. However, let’s not jump to conclusions yet.

I am wondering if Joseph Lozano and his wife Petronila may have broken the “rules of surname inheritance” in a few cases.

Our Petronila’s husband Joseph Lozano does appear a few times as Joseph “Lozano de Gardea” even though we know that his mother was not Mariana Gonzalez de Gardea. Gardea does not appear among the ancestors of his father Cristobal Lozano unless Cristobal Lozano’s great-grandmother Isabel Gonzalez was really Isabel “Gonzalez de Gardea” but I have not seen evidence of this. Maybe Gardea hints to whoever Joseph Lozano’s unnamed mother was or maybe Joseph Lozano broke the “rules of surname inheritance” and used his stepmother Mariana Gonzalez de Gardea’s surname regardless of not being her son. Perhaps this was to give the appearance of legitimacy.

With our Petronila’s racial status falling under Mestiza or Tresalba, and the racial status of all Herando Martel and his wife’s relatives falling under purely “Espanol” (correct me if I am wrong here), I am left with the impression that like her husband Joseph Lozano, our Petronila may have been a natural daughter growing up in this household.

Like her husband, she may have used surnames that she was not technically descended from to give the appearance of legitimacy. Expositas often simply adopt the surnames of the households they are raised by. Could our Petronila be a natural daughter of Hernando Martel or his wife? Or could our Petronila be a natural daughter of some other blood relative of Hernando Martel or his wife, but was brought up as an exposita in the household of Hernando Martel? Exposita or not, I feel that our Petronila must have had some blood connection to this household.

Intermarriage of our Petronila’s children/Unclear Dispensas:

A few hints to Petronilas having a blood descent, from at least Nicolas Macias Valades and Leonor de Retamosa, come through the marriages of some of her children. The info. mat. of Petronila’s daughter Maria Lozano, found here:

https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-DHQK-H5?i=412&wc=M6QF-MNL%…

indicates that Maria Lozano married her cousin Alvaro Macias Valades who she was related to in the third and/or forth degree, but does not give specifics. I am not sure if they are cousins once, descending from a trunk couple three generations on one side and four generations on the other, or if they are double cousins, thus third cousins in one way and second cousins in another.

The above mentioned Alvaro Macias Valades, was the son of Alvaro Valades (husband of Sebastiana Fernandez de Alarcon), who was the son of Juan Alvaro Hernandez Valades (husband of Maria Gutierrez de Valdivia), who was the son of Juan Valades (husband of Isabel de la Cruz). This Juan Valades I suspect of being a son or grandson of Nicolas Macias Valades and Leonor de Retamosa.

Another child of Petronila, Joseph Lozano Gonzalez Macias, may have married a cousin. Joseph Lozano Gonzalez Macias was married to Maria Teresa Nunez in Aguascalientes 12 August 1716. The marriage record and corresponding info. mat. do not seem to indicate the need for a dispensa, but Maria Teresa Nunez was the daughter of a Juan Nunez and a Maria Teresa Vargas Macias Valades. Intrigued by this “Macias Valades” I tried to hunt down the parents of Maria Teresa Vargas Macias Valades but found two contradicting accounts given in two dispensas.

The first dispensa, found here:

https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9392-629D-FG?i=412&wc=3J43-HZS%…

concerns the marriage of Maria Teresa Vargas Macias Valades’ daughter Ana Nunez (sister to Maria Teresa Nunez) to Juan de Atuna. The dispensa makes Maria Teresa Vargas Macias Valades the daughter of Gabriel de Castaneda and Maria Valades (who was a first cousin of Juan Vargas Valades who was a son of Juan Valades and Maria Lopez Rebollo). Gabriel de Castaneda is also the half brother of Juan Vargas Valades.

The second dispensa, found here:

https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9392-6Y9N-NC?mode=g&i=74&wc=3J4…

concerns the marriage of Nicolas Lopez de la Serda, widower of Maria Gertrudis Lozano who was a daughter of the previously mentioned Joseph Lozano Gonzalez Macias and Maria Teresa Nunez, to a third cousin of his departed wife. It makes Maria Teresa Vargas Macias Valades the daughter of a Juan Vargas Valades (a brother of Andrea Vargas Valades who married Felipe de Trillo).

I am not sure if the two Juan Vargas Valades’s mentioned in the two dispensas are the same person or not, or if the second dispensa is confusing Gabriel de Castaneda and replacing him with his half brother Juan Vargas Valades. In any event, the use of “Vargas” in these lines makes me suspect that Maria Teresa Vargas Macias Valades was descended from Blas Vargas Valades (husband of Luisa de Siordia) who I believe was a natural son of Gaspar Macias Valades (son of Nicolas Macias Valades and Leonor de Retamosa.)

So some of our Petronila’s children intermarried with other descendants of Nicolas Macias Valades and Leonor de Retamosa; this does not quite help us solve Petronila’s descent. Whether she is a legitimate daughter, natural daughter, or exposita daughter, I still feel that our Petronila has some blood connection to the household of Hernando Martel and Beatriz Macias Valadez Retamosa Villegas.