Cargo de Lanzas
While doing research for my upcoming book on the Marquisate of Pánuco, title of my ancestors, I stumbled upon an interesting primary-source entry in the Viceregal Correspondence (Correspondencia de Virreyes, Mexico, 1778) detailing the 1777 "Cargo de Lanzas" for New Spain.
For context, the Cargo de Lanzas (or Servicio de Lanzas) was a direct tax on titled nobility. It originated as an old medieval duty where nobles had to supply armed knights (lances) to the Crown during wartime. In 1631, King Philip IV monetized this military obligation into an annual tax, requiring titled families to pay a set fee to the Real Hacienda to legally maintain their status. By 1773, nobles in the Americas could either pay the annual fee or permanently redeem the tax with a single lump-sum payment.
What makes this specific 1777 record interesting is seeing the roster of New Spain’s top and wealthiest mining magnates and aristocratic estates listed side-by-side settling their accounts with the Royal Treasury

Ortiz de Ayala